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LTC Stephen F.
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Thank you my friend SGT (Join to see) for reminding us that on June 22, 1611, Henry Hudson was set adrift in Hudson Bay by mutineers on his ship Discovery and never seen again.

The Four Voyages of Henry Hudson
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PdQah_oaX6M

Images:
1. Henry Hudson © North Wind Picture Archives
2. Hudson Dutch ship Halve Maen
3. Painting by British author and artist John Collier 'The Last Voyage of Henry Hudson in 1881' of Henry Hudson after he and several others were set adrift in Hudson Bay by the mutinous crew of the Discovery in 1611.
4. June 11, 1611 'Henry Hudson being abandoned by the crew of the Discovery in Hudson Bay, Canada'

Biographies
1. totallyhistory.com/henry-hudson
2. britannica.com/biography/Henry-Hudson

1. Background from {[http://totallyhistory.com/henry-hudson/]}
"Henry Hudson
There is no recorded detail about the early life of Henry Hudson. Historians cannot even agree on his date of birth: Mancall would say that he was born in 1560s while others are convinced he was born in the 1570s. Hudson was a seafarer. He began working as a cabin boy until he became a captain. His grandfather, also named Henry Hudson, was an alderman in London who helped him to be hired by the Muscovy Trading Company of England.
Henry Hudson was a bold English Sea Explorer and navigator of the 17th century. Hudson had three ships, namely: the Hopewell, the Half Moon and the Discovery. He started his voyage as early as in 1607 under the Muscovy Company. He was ordered to look for waterway in the northeast.

Greenland
Sailing on his Hopewell, he and his crew reached Greenland in June. They continued to sail until they reached the Whales Bay and farther north at Hakluyt’s Headland. Hudson thought they saw an island; however, he was heading towards a different direction. He did not find any waterway.
Again in 1608, he attempted to find a passage to the East. Hudson was able to progress to Novaya Zemlya, but the ice was so dense that it was impossible to penetrate. The crew had no choice but to return to England. These consecutive failures frustrated the Muscovy Company.
Hudson did not lose courage though. He was determined to accomplish his goal and was hired by the Dutch East India Company. He intended to discover an eastern passageway to Asia. He traversed the Arctic Ocean, the Pacific and the Far East as instructed. But just like his previous expeditions, his crew met blockades of ice that caused them to divert to North Cape.

Daring Voyage
John Smith and Samuel de Champlain were informed by the Native Americans that there was a passage to the Pacific. Hudson violated his instructions by sailing to the west to look for the suspected passageway. The rumour probably referred to what are known to be the Great Lakes which are non-navigable bodies of water.
On board the Dutch ship Halve Maen, they navigated the south of Newfoundland and arrived at Nova Scotia in the middle of July. Here they met American aboriginals who were accustomed to trading. The crew traded some of their things for food.
Hudson continued sailing until he reached the Chesapeake Bay. He did not stop but instead penetrated the north, discovering the Delaware Bay. He reached what is known today as Mauritius estuary on September 3. Note however that it was Giovanni da Verrazzano who discovered the estuary in 1524.
When they passed through the Narrows, which lie between Staten Island and Bergen Neck, they found land abundant with trees and pasture. Unfortunately, they were assailed by two canoes. One of his crewmen, John Colman, was shot with an arrow on September 6, 1609. Hudson buried Colman on the shore and named the place Colman’s Point.
As Hudson ascended the Hudson River, he engaged in several trade exchanges. Natives embarked the ship to bring corn, tobacco and pumpkins. After voyaging five miles, he went onshore the Castleton where he was humbly received by the governor. Old savages gave them pumpkins, grapes and beaver in exchange for knives and beads. These incidents prevented him from checking out the narrow channel he found.

Alliances
Hudson sensed that the natives were conspiring against them. To uncover their plot, he plied the men with wine that left them intoxicated. The savages feasted on the brandy and slept very soundly that night. In the following morning, they gave Hudson ample presents like tobacco and beads, and toured him around the country.
Hudson’s crew returned to the boat and continued to explore the river. What he found was rather disappointing because of highly irregular depths of the water. It was futile to continue traversing the river, so he decided to come back to his homeland.
In spite of his failure to discover the waterways to the Indies, it can be gleaned from his journal that he was well satisfied with his accomplishments. He was able to explore unknown navigable rivers totalling approximately one hundred forty miles; he discovered inhabited areas along the river banks; and he reached what is now the capital of Albany and as far as the Waterford.

New Jersey
As they descended the river, their ship could only advance slowly due to the strong winds. Oftentimes, Hudson would journey on the shore discovering fertile grounds for corn, herbs, chestnut trees and ewe trees. When the weather got better, Hudson continued to sail until he reached the Stony Point. The contents of their ship attracted the attention of the old savages. A battle ensued and they were fired at by muskets. The fight ended only after the canoes of the enemies were pitted against the more powerful canons. Hudson descended five more miles and anchored near Hoboken. He continued to explore the bay and stream of New York.
Satisfied with the result of his expedition, he returned to Dartmouth, England in November 1611. Dutch authors claimed that after his arrival at England, he was not allowed to travel to Amsterdam. Whether this was true or not, the fact remains that the Dutch Company was able to receive his reports and charts.

Captains Journals
Hudson’s journals were published and part of them remained in Holland. It was recorded that in the following year, the Dutch were able to trade in Hudson River. This significant event would have been highly improbable had they not have Hudson’s journal and charts in their possession. Consequently, all doubts pertaining to his voyage to Amsterdam were removed.
As to his alleged discovery of Jan Mayen in 1608 as put forth by Thomas Edge, this finds no support in his journal. Jonas Poole and Robert Fotherby who had Hudson’s journal could not decipher any detail pertaining to Jan Mayen.
Although his goal to discover the waterways was not fulfilled, Hudson reached higher latitudes than all other navigators. In all, Hudson’s efforts are well recognized. Several North American geographic rivers and lands were named after him. This includes the Hudson Strait, the Hudson River, the Hudson Bay, the Henry Hudson Bridge, the Hudson County, and even the city of Hudson in New York."

2. Background from {[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Hudson]}
"Henry Hudson
ENGLISH NAVIGATOR AND EXPLORER
WRITTEN BY: John Edwards Caswell
Henry Hudson, (born c. 1565, England—died after June 22, 1611, in or near Hudson Bay?), English navigator and explorer who, sailing three times for the English (1607, 1608, 1610–11) and once for the Dutch (1609), tried to discover a short route from Europe to Asia through the Arctic Ocean, in both the Old World and the New. A river, a strait, and a bay in North America are named for him.

Of Hudson’s early life, nothing is known. Several Hudsons were associated with his sponsors, the Muscovy Company of London, a generation before his own time. A 1585 voyage by the English navigator John Davis, who sailed to the Arctic to make the first attempt to find a Northwest Passage from Europe to Asia, was planned in the home of a Thomas Hudson in Limehouse, now in the docks area of London’s East End. Henry Hudson may have been present on that occasion and consequently developed a lifelong interest in Arctic exploration. It is certain that he was well informed about Arctic geography and that his competence as a navigator was such that two wealthy companies chose him to conduct hazardous explorations.

The Search For The Northeast Passage
In the spring of 1607, sailing for the Muscovy Company, Hudson, his son John, and 10 companions set forth “for to discover a Passage by the North Pole to Japan and China.” Believing that he would find an ice-free sea around the North Pole, Hudson struck out northward. On reaching the edge of the polar ice pack, he followed it east until he reached the Svalbard (Spitsbergen) archipelago. From there he extended explorations made earlier by the 16th-century Dutch navigator Willem Barents, who had also sought a Northeast Passage to Asia.

On April 22, 1608, the Muscovy Company again sent Hudson to seek a Northeast Passage, this time between Svalbard and the islands of Novaya Zemlya, which lie to the east of the Barents Sea. Finding his way again blocked by ice fields, he returned to England in August.
Shortly after his return, Hudson was lured to Amsterdam to undertake a third northeast voyage under contract to the Dutch East India Company. While there, he heard reports of two possible channels to the Pacific across North America. One of these, said to be in about latitude 62° N, was described in the logbooks of a voyage made in 1602 by an English explorer, Capt. George Weymouth. The other, said to be in the vicinity of about latitude 40° N, was newly reported from Virginia by the English soldier, explorer, and colonist Capt. John Smith. Although his interest in a Northwest Passage had been aroused, Hudson agreed to return directly to Holland if his northeast voyage should prove unsuccessful.

Hudson sailed from Holland in the Half Moon on April 6, 1609. When head winds and storms forced him to abandon his northeast voyage, he ignored his agreement and proposed to the crew that they should instead seek the Northwest Passage. Given their choice between returning home or continuing, the crew elected to follow Smith’s proposed route and seek the Northwest Passage around 40° N. While cruising along the Atlantic seaboard, Hudson put into the majestic river encountered by the Florentine navigator Giovanni da Verrazzano in 1524, which was thenceforth to be known as the Hudson. After ascending it for about 150 miles (240 km) to the vicinity of what is now Albany, New York, Hudson concluded that the river did not lead to the Pacific. During his survey of the region, Hudson passed within 100 miles (160 km) of a party led by French explorer Samuel de Champlain, who had ventured south from his base at Quebec, but the two groups were not aware of each other.
On his way to Holland, Hudson docked at Dartmouth, England. The English government then ordered him and the English members of his crew to desist from further explorations for other countries. His log and papers were sent to Holland, where his discoveries were soon made known.
Hudson now made ready a voyage to America to follow up Weymouth’s suggestion. Weymouth had described an inlet (now Hudson Strait) where a “furious overfall” of water rushed out with every ebb tide. This phenomenon suggested that a great body of water lay beyond the strait. Hudson was confident that it was the Pacific Ocean. The British East India Company contributed £300 toward his voyage, and the Muscovy Company presumably furnished a like amount; Hudson’s private sponsors included 5 noblemen and 13 merchants.

The Voyage To Hudson Bay
Sailing from London on April 17, 1610, in the 55-ton vessel Discovery, Hudson stopped briefly in Iceland, then proceeded to the “furious overfall.” Passing through it and entering Hudson Bay in early August, he then followed the east coast southward, rather than striking boldly westward. Finding himself in James Bay at the southernmost extremity of Hudson Bay and with no outlet to the Pacific to be found, Hudson cruised aimlessly until winter overtook him.
In the close confinement of an Arctic winter, quarrels arose. Hudson angered one of his crew, Henry Green, by first giving him a gray gown and then, when Green displeased him, taking it back and giving it to another. Some of his crew suspected that Hudson was secretly hoarding food for his favourites, and tempers flared when Hudson ordered the crew’s own sea chests searched for extra victuals. Robert Juet, the mate, had been demoted, and he conspired with Green and others to mutiny. Once the homeward voyage had begun, the mutineers seized Hudson, his son, and seven others, casting them adrift in Hudson Bay in a small open boat on June 22, 1611. Although the Discovery sailed home to England, neither of the ringleaders returned with her, having been killed, together with several others, in a fight with Eskimos. No more was ever heard of Hudson and his small party, although in 1631 to 1632 another explorer found the ruins of a shelter, possibly erected by the castaways.
As a commander, Hudson was more headstrong than courageous. He violated his agreement with the Dutch and failed to suppress the 1611 mutiny. He played favourites and let morale suffer. In James Bay he appeared irresolute.
Yet Hudson undertook four dangerous voyages, brought his crew through an Arctic winter, and preserved his vessels amid the dangers of ice and unknown shores. He was a competent navigator who materially extended the explorations of Verrazzano, Davis, and Barents. His contribution to geographical knowledge was great, while his discoveries formed the basis for the Dutch colonization of the Hudson River and for English claims to much of Canada."

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SPC Nancy Greene
SPC Nancy Greene
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Nice Photos Sir!
They definitely enhance the history!
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LTC Stephen F.
LTC Stephen F.
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Henry Hudson Accidentally Discovers NY Harbor - True NYC
Tour guide Tom Delgado tells the true story of explorer Henry Hudson and his accidental discovery of Mannahatta, the land that would eventually become New York City.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-eHFuxREq_A


Images
1. Tabula Nautica, which they are portrayed on the coast of the sea coast, within the earth, and the seas, newly written trace out with France, from the year of 1612
2. Hudson Dutch ship Halve Maen
3. 1609 - Henry Hudson explores New York Bay in the Half Moon


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Lt Col John (Jack) Christensen
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Great history share, I've always questioned parts of this story. Given the abundance of game in the area now, let alone around 1610, the lacking food just doesn't seem reasonable.
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PVT Mark Zehner
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Great article!
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