Betsy Ross - Wikipedia

Elizabeth Griscom "Betsy" Ross (January 1, 1752 – January 30, 1836), née Griscom,[1] also known by her second and third married names, Ashburn and Claypoole,[1] is widely credited with making the first American flag. According to family tradition,[2][3] upon a visit from General George Washington, commander-in-chief of the Continental Army, in 1776, Ross convinced George Washington to change the shape of the stars he had sketched for the flag from six-pointed to five-pointed by demonstrating that it was easier and speedier to cut the latter.[4][5][6][7] However, there is no archival evidence or other recorded verbal tradition to substantiate this story of the first American flag, and it appears that the story first surfaced in the writings of her grandson in the 1870s (a century after the fact), with no mention or documentation in earlier decades.[8]

Betsy Ross made flags for the Pennsylvania navy during the American Revolution.[9] The flags of the Pennsylvania navy were overseen by the Pennsylvania Navy Board. The Board reported to the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly’s Committee of Safety. In July 1775, the President of the Committee of Safety was Benjamin Franklin. Its members included George Ross and Robert Morris. At that time, the committee ordered the construction of gunboats that would eventually need flags as part of their equipment. As late as October 1776, Captain William Richards was still writing to the Committee or Council of Safety to request the design that he could use to order flags for their fleet. [10]

Betsy Ross was one of those hired to make flags for the Pennsylvania fleet. An entry dated May 29, 1777, in the records of the Pennsylvania Navy Board includes an order to pay her for her work.[11] It is worded as follows:
An order on William Webb to Elizabeth
Ross for fourteen pounds twelve shillings and two
pence for Making Ships Colours [etc.] put into William
Richards store……………………………………….£14.12.2[12]

The Pennsylvania navy's ship colors included (1) an ensign; (2) a long, narrow pennant; and (3) a short, narrow pennant. The ensign was a blue flag with 13 stripes--seven red stripes and six white stripes in the flag's canton (upper-left-hand corner). It was flown from a pole at the rear of the ship. The long pennant had 13 vertical stripes near the mast and the rest was solid red. It flew from the top of the ship's mainmast, the center pole holding the sails. The short pennant was solid red. It flew from the top of the ship's mizzenmast--the pole holding the ship's sails nearest the stern (rear of the ship).[13]

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