Other than Special Forces and Rangers, what are some other “high speed” and high specialty jobs in the Army?

Here's the truth: you're not high speed. It will take time to prove that you are and separate yourself from everyone else who feels they are. If you aren't a Collegiate level athlete then you probably won't pass any "high speed" selection process. If you aren't a high school athlete then you almost definitely won't pass a selection.

If you fancy yourself tough and "high speed" join the Infantry with an Airborne contract and volunteer for the 75th Ranger Regiment while in Airborne school. All Special Operations require Airborne so it's a good start.

Around 90% of people who join the Army on an Option 40 Ranger or 18X Special Forces contract will fail to complete the training. You will most likely fail to meet the training. Start by aiming smaller. Aim small, miss small.

The Army is High Speed. What you should do in the Army will be based on your scores and what is available, that simple. Once you enter the Army you will need to work hard in all areas to prove that you have what it takes for one of the more challenging units. So, if you want to serve, serve for Duty, Hojor, Country. Work hard, study your craft and be a Team player, then at some point you will know what it is you want to do. If you are worthy the Army will see your potential and allow you to compete. The Army is High Speed.

There are a number of supporting MOSs in elite formations such as the Ranger Regiment, SF Groups (like the GSB), 160th SOAR (the Regiment has sustainers), Airborne Units have conventional logistics support with jump status BSBs. They just did away with Division Pathfinder Comoanies. They were pretty high speed.

SFABs candidates go through a selection process.

The Asymmetric Warfare Group also have a selection process.

Technical Escort - Mix of EOD and CBRNE troops

LRSCLRSD unfortunately no longer around.

Not a formal thing, more of how Commander's approach the mission: many BSBs task organize a standing security Platoon. Ours took soldiers from all comoanies and trained them on convoy defense, fighting mounted, communications, every weapon in the element and anything in the BN. Hell, I saw one that was able to cross train a 60mm mortar crew to hipshoot when they got in contact. The security Platoon was four elements with four MRAPs, one PLS with trailer, and a M984E1 wrecker that was task organized to be the patrol leadership (combat logistics patrol - CLP). Armed to the teeth. Had dedicated medics. Mix of M2s and Mk19s. they had live AT4s, frags, etc The convoy was formed around one or two of these elements based on size. They could call for fire. They could and did call in CAS. They often had to clear their own routes as route clearance was unavailable. They worked with Afghan police and other Afghan security forces to secure key terrain that overwatched routes. Not your Daddy's convoy. Everything ran as the combat operation that it was. We coordinated ISR coverage, fire support, attack aviation, and battlespace deconfliction.

Units often put together a Personal Security Detachment PSD to move the Command Group around the battlefield. The CSM usually hand picks people to perform this mission and they part of the HHC.

Perhaps, don't be concerned with the pedigree of the formation or the High speed MOSs and be the highest speed <insert MOS here> and be proficient in your warrior tasks and drills. Another key is to be reliable.