The Legacy of Charles Martel & the Battle of Tours

On October 10, 732, at the Battle of Tours, the Umayyad army led by Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi was defeated by Frankish Aquitainian forces led by Charles Martel during he Umayyad invasion of Gaul. An excerpt from the article:

"The Battle of Poitiers aka the Battle of Tours took place over roughly a week in early October of 732. The opposing sides consisted of a Frankish army led by Charles Martel (r. 718-741) against an invading Muslim army under the nominal sovereignty of the Umayyad Caliphate (c. 661-750) based in Damascus, Syria.

These two forces came together as Umayyad power sought expansion and plunder in European lands, while Frankish lords sought to defend and consolidate hold over their territory. Some have argued that this brief conflict influenced the fate of Christian civilization in Europe, while others see it as a simple border skirmish. The truth, it seems, lies somewhere in-between."