Scientists have found evidence of immune cells responding to Covid-19 six months after people were infected.
In a study of 100 people with the virus, those with symptoms had a much higher T-cell reaction.
But it is still not clear whether this leads to better protection against re-infection.
The UK research team says the findings are "just one piece of the puzzle" on immunity and there is still a lot to learn.
The key question is whether being infected once with coronavirus can protect the body against being infected again and, if so, how long this immunity could last.
Scientists know that antibodies are made by the body from around 10 days after infection, but appear to dwindle over time. They stick to the virus in order to stop it.