Anti-government protesters have installed a plaque declaring Thailand "belongs to the people", in a bold show of opposition to the monarchy.
The plaque was laid near Bangkok's Grand Palace in the latest challenge to Thai King Maha Vajiralongkorn.
Student-led protests calling for reform of the country's monarchy and political system have been going on since July.
The protests over the weekend were some of the largest in years, with thousands defying authorities to demand change.
Authorities say 18,000 people joined Saturday's demonstration, although others give higher figures. Many stayed to continue the protest into Sunday, before dispersing.
Their calls for royal reform are particularly sensitive in Thailand, where criticism of the monarchy is punishable by long prison sentences.
Protesters are also demanding the resignation of Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha, who took power in a 2014 coup and won disputed elections last year.