A Perpetual Conflict of Ideas?

"ussian operations blur the line between war and peace by using disinformation tactics in the public domain as a part of a broader military strategy in an approach enshrined in doctrine and geopolitical thinking. Disinformation has a long tradition in Russian warfare theory and is derived from spetspropaganda theory[3] but has evolved to include a range of activities and terms including active measures, dezinformatsia,[4] reflexive control,[5] and more recently, perception management. Igor Panarin is widely considered as one of the leading information warfare theorists within Russia. Disinformation, according to Panarin (2012), as translated and articulated by Darczewska,[6] is the “spreading [of] manipulated or fabricated information (or a combination thereof).”[7]"