TODAY IN MILITARY HISTORY
475 Byzantine Emperor Zeno (474-491) is forced to flee Constantinople, as the usurper Basiliscus temporarily seizes power
1127 Jin troops take and sack Bianjing (Kaifeng), deposing and capturing the Emperor Qinzong, and ending the Northern Song dynasty
1349 Blamed for causing the Black Death, the Jews of Basel are burned in their homes, 700 die
1522 Adrian Dedel elected Pope as Adrian VI (Jan 9,1522-Sep 14,1523), the only Dutch pontiff
1570 Tsar Ivan the Terrible feels piqued, massacres 2000 in Novgorod -- Learn More
1760 The Battle of Barari Ghat: the Afghans defeat the Marathas
1798 Bonaparte burns the state barge 'Bucentaur', symbol of Venetian independence
1805 Lord Nelson is buried in the crypt of St. Paul's, London
1812 Napoleon annexes Swedish Pomerania
1861 First Shot of the Civil War: US steamer 'Star of the West' is fired on by South Carolina militia batteries off Charleston
1861 Mississippi becomes 2nd state to secede
1862 Battle of Ft Hindman/Arkansas Post (to Jan 11)
1879 Riot among Cheyenne Indians held prisoner at Ft Robinson
1904 Lt Gen Samuel B. M. Young,first US Army Chief-of-Staff, retires, after being on active duty since Apr 25, 1861.
1916 Gallipoli Campaign ends as the last allied troops evacuate the peninsula -- Learn More
1917 British steamer 'Gladys Royal' becomes the first ship sunk by Count Luckner's German sailing raider 'Seeadler'
1936 Garand M-1 semi-automatic rifle adopted by the US Army
1941 6,000 Jews slaughtered in Bucharest, Romania
1942 First Japanese offensive against Bataan.
1942 Japanese submarines begin operating in the Indian Ocean.
1942 Malaya: Japanese amphibious "end run" around Br left at Port Settenham
1944 Burma: British troops take Maungdaw as Sino-American forces capture Shwebo, and heavy fighting continues along the Tarung River.
1945 Luzon: Sixth Army lands in Lingayen Gulf.
1951 USS 'Brooklyn' (CL-40) transferred to Chile
1952 USMC recalls Ted Williams to active duty for the Korean War
1964 Anti-US rioting in the Panama Canal Zone
BORN
762 Li Yu, the Emperor Daizong of Tang (762-779)
1554 Alessandro Ludovisi - Pope Gregory XV (1621-1623)[or 15th]
1571 Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, Count of Bucquoy, Hapsburg general, d. 1621
1735 John Jervis, Earl of St Vincent, Admiral of the Fleet, d. 1823 -- Learn More
1822 John Porter Hatchm Brig. Gen., U.S.V., d 1901
1854 Jennie Jerome, in Brooklyn, Winston Churchill's Momma, d. 1921 -- Learn More
1895 Lucian King Truscott, Jr., Gen., US., commander of Fifth Army in Italy (Dec 1944-May 1945) ), d. 1965 -- Learn More
1908 Simone de Beauvoir, leftist Vichyite feminist ("The Second Sex"), d. 1986
1913 Richard M. Nixon, sometime naval officer, President (1969-1974), d. 1994
1922 Ahmed Sékou Touré, President of Guinea (1958-84), d. 1984
1942 The Joint Chiefs of Staff, formed by executive order of FDR
DIED
639 Dagobert I of the Franks, King of Austrasia, Soissons, Burgundy, & Neustria (603-639)
1150 Emperor Xizong of Jin (1135-1150), c. 30, murdered in a palace coup
1324 Marco Polo, Venetian merchant, globe trotter, naval officer, b. 1254
1453 Stefano Porcari, c. 50, executed at Rome for planning a Republican coup against Pope Nicholas V
1499 Elector Johan Cicero of Brandenburg (1486-1499), at 43
1514 Anne, Duchess of Brittany (1488-1514), 36, last independent Breton ruler, wife to King Charles VIII of France
1569 St. Philip II of Moscow, 61, Primate of the Russian Church, slain by Ivan the Terrible
1800 Jean Étienne Championnet, French general, looter, c. 38
1873 Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte, 64, President of France (1848-1852), Emperor Napoleon III (1852-1870), at 64 -- Learn More
1878 King Victor Emanuel II of Sardinia (1849-61) and Italy (1861-78), at 77
1879 Captain General Joaquin Espartero, Viceroy of Navarre, at 86
1927 Houston Chamberlain, Anglo-German racial theorist, at 71
1995 Prince Souphanouvong, President of Laos (1975-87), at 85
2007 Jean-Pierre Vernant, "Col Berthier" of the Resistance, classical scholar, at 93.
2009 Jay Luvass, historian ("The Military Legacy of the Civil War: The European Inheritance"), at 81