Should I get surgery before or after BOLC?

If your profile will get you through BOLC then go for it. Otherwise you are pushing out your promotion timeline for everything down the road.

I had similar issue with my knee. Pushed through and passed the first PT test at OBC and then had the surgery. Since you already have a permanent profile it shouldn't be an issue. If your issue is a simple labral tear, it shouldn't take 6 months to recover. Hell, you can recover from hip replacement in 6 months. I had torn ACL and MCL and it only took a couple of months.

This is a lot to take in. I honestly have never known of an officer that has a permanent no run profile. There really goes into your medial readiness. You can still attend but at what cost. I am sure you will have to perform some other physical activities while there. You could be one trip or stumble away from permanent damage and more scar tissue. I say this because I neglected some injuries when I was younger and worked through them. Now I have some permanent damage and I can never sleep on my left shoulder now. I would get the therapy and then get an exception to policy for the BOLC date. The military is great but it's not worth debilitating injuries for the rest of your life.