What is life in the enlisted barracks like in the US Army?

To put it simply.... Shenanigans.

Oh god... Ill put it this way. I went to a few frat parties when I came home during my time in service and not once did I feel like I was in over my head when it came to the party life. I could drink more in larger quantities and in a shorter amount of time. I could puke, rally and keep drinking. I could smoke 1-2 packs of cigarettes in that night. My pick up game was stronger and I was almost automatically the alpha male of the party. I had been punched in the face and stabbed in the arm by good friends of mine so college kids were no problem. I will say this though. Your leadership will tell you a lot of things that you don't listen to, its natural. But when they say no women in the barracks trust that their advice is coming from a place that is looking out for you.

After Basic/AIT, it depends on exactly where you're at and your unit's command policies. I lived in the barracks in Germany & at Ft Riley; the rooms were dorm style with 1-2 Soldiers in each room (although at Ft Riley it was up to 4 when the unit was over-strengthed).
In Germany, there was a small kitchen on the end of each floor but at Riley your options were no-cook/microwave food (no hotplates allowed) or the chow hall. All the rooms I lived in had a latrine with each room or two rooms would share one. Some, though, had a "common" latrine/shower room in the middle of the building.
As for barracks life, it wasn't bad by any means. PT/personal hygiene/barracks cleaning in the morning, then at night after duty you're pretty well on your own. Several of us would often hang out in someone's room talking; watching movies and/or playing video games. In the States, Soldiers who were over 21 were allowed to drink alcohol (per Command policy).
Yes, there definitely are shenanigans - which is to be expected with young Soldiers and time on their hands.